The Difference Between Perms, Relaxers, and Texturizers

As the conversation around Black hair becomes more nuanced, many people are standing firm on how they wear their hair. Some folks are devoted to the natural hair movement, while others have forged a new path with chemical treatments. Although the world of chemical hair treatments is broad, three terms frequently come up in conversations about Black hair: perms, relaxers, and texturizers. And since these terms are often used interchangeably, it’s easy for confusion to grow when it’s time to sit in the salon chair.

What is a perm, relaxer, and texturizer?

Simply put, a relaxer is a chemical treatment that permanently straightens the hair by altering its natural curl pattern. The processing time varies depending on the product, hair texture, and manufacturer’s instructions. A texturizer works similarly to a relaxer but is generally used to loosen the hair’s curl pattern rather than fully straighten it. While texturizers are often described as a milder form of a relaxer, they can be an option for people with coily and kinky textures who want to loosen their curl pattern while maintaining some of their natural texture.

On the flip side, a perm—not to be confused with a relaxer—is a chemical treatment designed to create curls or waves. The hair is wrapped around rods or rollers, and a neutralizer is applied to help set the newly formed shape. Depending on the desired result, perms can create everything from tight, springy curls to soft, beachy waves.

Although the idea of a chemical treatment may seem tempting to some, it’s not something to jump into. “The biggest thing to understand is that all three permanently alter the treated portion of the hair,” celebrity hairstylist Kee Taylor tells HelloBeautiful. “That’s why consultation, proper application, and…