Roles of Government in Agricultural Development
Government has an important responsibility in developing agriculture.
1. Provision of Agricultural Credit
Government provides or supports access to loans for farmers so that they can obtain the money needed to operate and expand their farms. Many farmers, especially small-scale farmers, don’t have enough personal savings to buy improved seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, machinery and livestock. Through agricultural finance schemes, government can make loans available at affordable interest rates. Access to credit enables farmers to increase the size of their farms, adopt modern technology and increase their output.
2. Provision of Infrastructure
Government provides infrastructure that makes agricultural production and distribution easier. Important infrastructure includes good rural roads, bridges, electricity, irrigation systems, dams, water supply and communication facilities. Good roads, for example, allow farmers to transport their produce from farms to markets at lower costs. Electricity can also support irrigation, cold storage and food-processing activities. Without adequate infrastructure, farmers may find it difficult and expensive to produce and market their goods.
3. Agricultural Research
Government supports agricultural research institutions and programmes that develop better ways of producing crops and livestock. Researchers can develop improved seeds, disease-resistant crops, better livestock breeds and more effective methods of controlling pests and diseases. Research can also help farmers adapt to changes in weather and soil conditions. The results of agricultural research can increase productivity and reduce production costs.
4. Provision of Agricultural Extension Services
Government provides agricultural extension services through trained…
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